By applying the formulas for seventh chords to the C major scale, the following series of chords is created. These are called scale tone seventh chords.
Here are some examples which use these chords. The first one is a II V I progression, which is the most common progression in Jazz and is also found in many other styles.
This one is based on another common progression: I VI II V . Learn it and then transpose it to all the other keys. Do the same with the previous example as well.
Here are the scale tone 7ths in the key of C played as arpeggios. Once again, it is important to know these in all keys. Make a habit of transposing everything you learn to all twelve keys.
Once you know the notes of an arpeggio, the next step is to improvise with it. This example demonstrates an improvised line created from a Dm7 arpeggio.
The next step is to improvise with chord tones over chord progressions. This one is based on a II V I progression.